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Drug-induced deaths – the current situation in Europe (European Drug Report 2023).
List of tables
Table 1. Characteristics of drug-induced deaths
|
Males (%) |
Females (%) |
Mean age at death (males) |
Mean age at death (females) |
Number EU |
Number EU+2 |
Deaths with opioids present (percent) |
|
79 |
21 |
42 |
48 |
6166 |
6677 |
74 |
Table 1a. Characteristics of drug-induced deaths: gender (percent)
Gender |
Percent (%) |
Males |
79 |
Females |
21 |
Table 1b. Characteristics of drug-induced deaths: age
Gender |
Age |
Males |
42 |
Females |
48 |
Table 1b. Characteristics of drug-induced deaths: numbers
Region |
Number |
EU |
6166 |
EU+2 |
6677 |
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Table 2. Age distribution of drug-induced deaths reported in the European Union, Norway and Türkiye in 2021 (%)
Country |
Year |
<25 |
25-44 |
45-64 |
65+ |
Spain |
2020 |
3 |
36 |
37 |
24 |
Netherlands |
2021 |
5 |
36 |
47 |
12 |
Portugal |
2020 |
0 |
42 |
52 |
6 |
Denmark |
2020 |
7 |
39 |
38 |
17 |
Norway |
2021 |
10 |
39 |
43 |
8 |
Belgium |
2019 |
6 |
43 |
39 |
11 |
Czechia |
2021 |
8 |
44 |
31 |
17 |
France |
2016 |
4 |
49 |
32 |
15 |
Croatia |
2021 |
1 |
55 |
40 |
4 |
Italy |
2021 |
6 |
51 |
41 |
2 |
Sweden |
2021 |
12 |
46 |
33 |
9 |
Poland |
2020 |
17 |
41 |
23 |
18 |
Cyprus |
2021 |
10 |
50 |
40 |
0 |
Luxembourg |
2021 |
0 |
60 |
40 |
0 |
Slovenia |
2021 |
6 |
60 |
26 |
8 |
Greece |
2019 |
5 |
63 |
31 |
0 |
Ireland |
2017 |
6 |
63 |
28 |
3 |
Bulgaria |
2021 |
10 |
60 |
20 |
10 |
Germany |
2017 |
9 |
61 |
30 |
0 |
Lithuania |
2021 |
2 |
69 |
27 |
2 |
Finland |
2021 |
21 |
52 |
22 |
6 |
Estonia |
2021 |
15 |
56 |
15 |
13 |
Austria |
2021 |
23 |
54 |
22 |
0 |
Hungary |
2021 |
17 |
64 |
17 |
2 |
Slovakia |
2021 |
21 |
61 |
14 |
4 |
Türkiye |
2021 |
21 |
63 |
16 |
0 |
Latvia |
2021 |
6 |
82 |
12 |
0 |
Romania |
2021 |
3 |
87 |
10 |
0 |
Malta |
2021 |
0 |
100 |
0 |
0 |
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Table 3. Proportion of drug-induced deaths among males
Country |
Country code |
Males |
Austria |
AT |
85 |
Belgium |
BE |
77 |
Bulgaria |
BG |
90 |
Croatia |
HR |
84 |
Cyprus |
CY |
100 |
Czechia |
CZ |
67 |
Denmark |
DK |
71 |
Estonia |
EE |
74 |
Finland |
FI |
75 |
France |
FR |
74 |
Germany |
DE |
83 |
Greece |
EL |
89 |
Hungary |
HU |
71 |
Ireland |
IE |
70 |
Italy |
IT |
90 |
Latvia |
LV |
94 |
Lithuania |
LT |
92 |
Luxembourg |
LU |
80 |
Malta |
MT |
100 |
Netherlands |
NL |
77 |
Norway |
NO |
67 |
Poland |
PL |
68 |
Portugal |
PT |
94 |
Romania |
RO |
93 |
Slovakia |
SK |
79 |
Slovenia |
SI |
85 |
Spain |
ES |
72 |
Sweden |
SE |
69 |
Türkiye |
TR |
91 |
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Table 4. Drug-induced deaths in the European Union: age at death, 2021 or most recent available data (%)
Age range |
Females |
Males |
<25 |
7 |
9 |
25-44 |
39 |
54 |
45-64 |
30 |
33 |
>64 |
24 |
5 |
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Table 5. Proportion of drug-induced deaths cases with opioids mentioned, 2021 or most recent available data
Country |
Country code |
Share with opioids (percent) |
Austria |
AT |
86 |
Belgium |
BE |
49 |
Bulgaria |
BG |
82 |
Croatia |
HR |
86 |
Cyprus |
CY |
50 |
Czechia |
CZ |
28 |
Denmark |
DK |
96 |
Estonia |
EE |
67 |
Finland |
FI |
88 |
France |
FR |
74 |
Germany |
DE |
66 |
Greece |
EL |
83 |
Hungary |
HU |
40 |
Ireland |
IE |
87 |
Italy |
IT |
70 |
Latvia |
LV |
38 |
Lithuania |
LT |
80 |
Luxembourg |
LU |
80 |
Malta |
MT |
33 |
Netherlands |
NL |
50 |
Norway |
NO |
84 |
Portugal |
PT |
66 |
Romania |
RO |
87 |
Slovakia |
SK |
43 |
Slovenia |
SI |
71 |
Sweden |
SE |
88 |
Türkiye |
TR |
36 |
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Table 6. Number of drug-induced deaths reported in the European Union in 2012 and 2021, or the most recent year, by age band
Age range |
2012 (Females) |
2021 or most recent (Females) |
2012 (Males) |
2021 or most recent (Males) |
15-19 |
31 |
27 |
52 |
102 |
20-24 |
66 |
55 |
264 |
254 |
25-29 |
99 |
82 |
486 |
375 |
30-34 |
115 |
116 |
605 |
491 |
35-39 |
97 |
114 |
507 |
635 |
40-44 |
74 |
108 |
450 |
560 |
45-49 |
93 |
92 |
354 |
498 |
50-54 |
77 |
86 |
180 |
325 |
55-59 |
51 |
69 |
133 |
229 |
60-64 |
30 |
52 |
53 |
127 |
65+ |
83 |
169 |
64 |
142 |
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Table 7. Trends in drug-induced deaths in the European Union, Norway and Türkiye
Country |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
Türkiye |
126 |
105 |
162 |
232 |
497 |
590 |
920 |
941 |
657 |
342 |
314 |
270 |
Norway |
248 |
262 |
246 |
234 |
266 |
289 |
282 |
247 |
286 |
275 |
324 |
241 |
Germany |
1237 |
986 |
944 |
1002 |
1032 |
1226 |
1333 |
1272 |
1276 |
1398 |
1581 |
1826 |
Netherlands |
94 |
103 |
118 |
144 |
123 |
197 |
235 |
262 |
224 |
252 |
295 |
298 |
Finland |
156 |
197 |
213 |
201 |
176 |
166 |
194 |
200 |
261 |
234 |
258 |
287 |
Sweden |
371 |
373 |
429 |
481 |
632 |
675 |
605 |
643 |
583 |
555 |
524 |
450 |
Other countries |
3291 |
3271 |
3131 |
3082 |
3144 |
3242 |
3248 |
3288 |
3263 |
3351 |
3300 |
3305 |
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Table 8. Share (percent) of drug-induced deaths with benzodiazepines involved, 2019 to 2021, selected countries among those with available information
Country |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
Bulgaria |
21.4 |
8.8 |
7.4 |
Denmark |
75 |
57.4 |
71 |
Greece |
8.2 |
3.6 |
3.5 |
Spain |
63.1 |
59.9 |
|
France |
4.4 |
3.2 |
|
Cyprus |
0 |
0 |
40 |
Luxembourg |
0 |
83.3 |
80 |
Hungary |
11.6 |
4.2 |
14.3 |
Austria |
59.5 |
65.8 |
66.9 |
Portugal |
46 |
37.3 |
58.1 |
Romania |
|
42.4 |
43.3 |
Slovenia |
|
50 |
36.5 |
Finland |
65.6 |
57.9 |
61.7 |
Sweden |
0.9 |
0.4 |
0.7 |
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