Introduction
This report presents the most recent and comprehensive data on substance use among 15- to 16-year-old school students in Europe. Based on the responses from over 90 000 girls and boys, the report documents the levels of use of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis and other substances, as well as the frequency of a number of potentially addictive behaviours, such as online gambling, in 35 European countries. The report also looks at changes in substance use over the past 20 years and at gender differences in substance use and internet behaviour.
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Table of contents
- Preface
- List of authors
- Summary
- Introduction
- Background to ESPAD
- ESPAD Report 2015
- Methodology
- ESPAD 2015
- Trend analyses
- Reporting
- The situation in 2015.
- Availability of substances
- Early onset of substance use
- Cigarette use
- Alcohol use
- Illicit drug use
- Inhalant use
- New psychoactive substance use
- Conditional probabilities of substance use
- Patterns of current use
- Internet use, gaming and gambling
- Trends 1995-2015
- Trends across 25 countries
- Country-specific trends
- Discussion and conclusion
- Cigarette use
- Alcohol use
- Illicit drug use
- Internet use, gaming and gambling
- Limitations
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References