Annex tables to the European Drug Report 2025
These tables, produced specifically for the European Drug Report, provide national data for estimates of drug use prevalence including problem opioid use, opioid substitution treatment, total number in treatment, treatment entry, injecting drug use, drug-induced deaths, drug-related infectious diseases, syringe distribution and drug seizures. The data are drawn from and are a subset of the Statistical Bulletin 2025, where notes and meta-data are available. The years to which data refer are indicated. In addition, for some indicators, these data tables also provide total values for the European Union as well as for all EUDA reporting countries (EU Member States, Türkiye and Norway).
This page is part of the European Drug Report 2025, the EUDA’s annual overview of the drug situation in Europe.
Last update: 5 June 2025
List of tables
- Opioids
- Table 1a. High-risk opioid use estimates for the population aged 15–64 years
- Table 1b. Entrants into treatment during the year: opioids clients as a proportion of treatment demands
- Table 1c. Entrants into treatment during the year: proportion of opioids clients with injection as main route of administration
- Table 1d. Number of clients in opioid agonist treatment
- Cocaine
- Table 2a. Cocaine prevalence (percent) estimates among the general population and school students
- Table 2b. Entrants into treatment during the year - cocaine clients as a proportion of treatment demands
- Table 2c. Entrants into treatment during the year: proportion of cocaine clients with injection as main route of administration
- Amphetamines
- Table 3a. Amphetamines prevalence (percent) estimates among the general population and school students
- Table 3b. Entrants into treatment during the year - amphetamines clients as a proportion of treatment demands
- Table 3c. Entrants into treatment during the year: proportion of amphetamines clients with injection as main route of administration
- MDMA
- Cannabis
- Other indicators
- Seizures
Opioids
Notes
High-risk opioid use estimates relate to the population aged 15 to 64 years.
Notes
Data on entrants into treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Czechia, 2020; Spain, France, 2022.
Latvia: Data on ‘all’ and ‘previously treated’ entrants are from 2022.
Sweden: Data for main route of administration are for compulsory institutional care only, therefore not representative of the national picture.
Norway: The percentage of clients in treatment for opioid-related problems is a minimum value, not accounting for opioid clients registered as polydrug users.
Notes
Data on entrants into treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Czechia, 2020; Spain, France, 2022.
Missing cases of 30 % or more for main route of administration: Czechia, Germany, Hungary and the Netherlands.
Sweden: Data for main route of administration are for compulsory institutional care only, therefore not representative of the national picture.
Norway: The percentage of clients in treatment for opioid-related problems is a minimum value, not accounting for opioid clients registered as polydrug users.
Notes
Data on clients in agonist treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Denmark, 2022; France, 2019; Hungary, 2022; Italy, 2018; Spain, 2022.
Czechia: Number of clients in agonist treatment is an estimate derived from the treatment demand register and opioid agonist treatment provided by general practitioners.
Netherlands: Data on the number of clients in agonist treatment are not complete.
Cocaine
Notes
Prevalence estimates for the general population: age ranges are 18-64 and 18-34 for Germany, Greece, France, Italy and Hungary; 16-64 and 16-34 for Denmark, Estonia, Norway, and Sweden; 18-65 for Malta.
Prevalence estimates for the school population are extracted from the 2024 ESPAD survey, except for Belgium (2019; Flanders only) and Luxembourg (2014). ESPAD data for Germany refer to Bavaria only.
Notes
Data on entrants into treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Czechia, 2020; Spain, France, 2022.
Latvia: Data on ‘all’ and ‘previously treated’ entrants are from 2022.
Notes
Data on entrants into treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Czechia, 2020; Spain, France, 2022.
Missing cases of 30 % or more for main route of administration: Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands.
Amphetamines
Notes
Prevalence estimates for the general population: age ranges are 18-64 and 18-34 for Germany, Greece, France, Italy and Hungary; 16-64 and 16-34 for Denmark, Estonia, Norway, and Sweden; 18-65 for Malta.
Prevalence estimates for the school population are extracted from the 2024 ESPAD survey, except for Belgium (2019; Flanders only) and Luxembourg (2014). ESPAD data for Germany refer to Bavaria only. Data refer only to amphetamine.
Notes
Data on entrants into treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Czechia, 2020; Spain, France, 2022.
Data on entrants into treatment for Norway are for ‘stimulants other than cocaine’.
Latvia: Data on ‘all’ and ‘previously treated’ entrants are from 2022.
Notes
Data on entrants into treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Czechia, 2020; Spain, France, 2022.
Missing cases of 30 % or more for main route of administration: Germany and the Netherlands.
Sweden: Data are for ‘stimulants other than cocaine’, except for main route of administration. Data for main route of administration are for compulsory institutional care only, therefore not representative of the national picture.
Norway: Data are for ‘stimulants other than cocaine’.
MDMA
Notes
Prevalence estimates for the general population: age ranges are 18-64 and 18-34 for Germany, Greece, France, Italy and Hungary; 16-64 and 16-34 for Denmark, Estonia, Norway, and Sweden; 18-65 for Malta.
Prevalence estimates for the school population are extracted from the 2024 ESPAD survey, except for Belgium (2019; Flanders only) and Luxembourg (2014). ESPAD data for Germany refer to Bavaria only.
Notes
Data on entrants into treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Czechia, 2020; Spain, France, 2022.
Sweden: Data are for compulsory institutional care only, therefore not representative of the national picture.
Cannabis
Notes
Prevalence estimates for the general population: age ranges are 18-64 and 18-34 for Germany, Greece, France, Italy and Hungary; 16-64 and 16-34 for Denmark, Estonia, Sweden and Norway; 18-65 for Malta.
Prevalence estimates for the school population are extracted from the 2024 ESPAD survey, except for Belgium (2019; Flanders only) and Luxembourg (2018). ESPAD data for Germany refer to Bavaria only. Due to possible overstating, Luxembourg cannabis lifetime prevalence may be slightly overestimated.
Notes
Data on entrants into treatment are for 2023 or most recent year available: Czechia, 2020; Spain, France, 2022.
Other indicators
Notes
Data on drug-induced deaths must be interpreted with caution. Methodological differences should be considered when comparing between countries. The average mortality rate for the European Union (and the European Union plus Türkiye and Norway) is computed as the weighted average of the mortality rates for the 27 (or 29) countries in 2023 – or the last available year – using the population aged 15 to 64 in 2023 as weights. France changed the preferred source of data in 2024.
HIV diagnoses related to injecting drug use are from 2023.
Injecting drug use estimates refer to the population aged 15 to 64 years.
Syringes distributed through specialised programmes refer to 2023, except for Germany (2021), Spain (2022), France (2022) and Norway (2022).
Naloxone is available over the counter in Denmark, France, Italy and Sweden. In France, the latest numbers (2021) include kits given for free by harm reduction and treatment facilities to their clients, and kits ordered by pharmacies. In Luxembourg, since September 2024, all high-risk drug users and people injecting drugs in one closed prison setting should receive a kit upon release.
Data on the distribution of take-home naloxone kits in Czechia and Croatia refer to 2024.
Take-home naloxone programmes were initiated in 2024 in Croatia, Luxembourg and Finland.
Seizures of drugs
Notes
All data are, for 2023 or the most recent year, submitted by the Reitox national focal points and are rounded off to the most significant figures.
Amphetamine (including captagon) and methamphetamine tablets were converted to mass-equivalents by assuming a mass of 0.25 grams per tablet.
Methamphetamine: methamphetamine/methylamphetamine.
Ireland: Data on number and quantity of seizures do not include all relevant law enforcement units and should be considered partial, minimum figures. Revenue and Customs provided the quantity of cocaine seized.
Netherlands: Data on number and quantity of seizures do not include all relevant law enforcement units and should be considered partial, minimum figures. See: Netherlands Customs.
Source data (CSV format)
The data used to create these tables may be found in CSV (comma-separated values) format below.
The complete set of source data for the European Drug Report 2025, including metadata and methodological notes, is available in our data catalogue.
A subset of this data used to generate the tables on this page may be found below.