ESPAD 2024 Key Findings source data

This data presented here are from the joint publication Key findings from the 2024 European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). These data were collected as part of the 7th round of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD), which was conducted among 113 882 students aged 15- to 16-years-old, across 37 European countries in 2024.

Methodological notes

  • The ESPAD 'average' across the 37 countries participating in 2024 is calculated as an unweighted mean of national averages, whereby each country contributes equally to the overall estimate. For temporal trends, country estimates are averaged across 32 countries with valid estimates on at least four (including 2024) out of seven time points.
  • The term 'current use' in the data refers to last month use
  • The term 'early onset' is defined as...

 

 

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